Acne

What is it?

Acne is a common skin condition that occurs when hair follicles become clogged with oil, dead skin cells, and sometimes bacteria. It primarily affects areas with high sebaceous (oil) gland activity, such as the face, chest, and back.

What are the symptoms?

Pimples, blackheads, and whiteheads
Red, inflamed skin
Cystic or nodular lumps beneath the skin
Oily skin
Scarring or discoloration after breakouts

What else could it be? (Differential diagnosis)

Rosacea
Folliculitis
Seborrheic dermatitis
Pityrosporum folliculitis
Hidradenitis suppurativa

What are the aggravating factors?

Hormonal changes (e.g., puberty, menstrual cycle, pregnancy)
Stress
Use of oily or comedogenic (pore-clogging) skincare products
Certain medications (e.g., corticosteroids, lithium)
Poor diet (high-glycemic foods, dairy)

What types of food are helpful?

Low-glycemic foods (whole grains, vegetables, legumes) to help prevent blood sugar spikes that can trigger acne.
Omega-3 fatty acids (found in fish, chia seeds) to reduce inflammation.
Zinc-rich foods (pumpkin seeds, cashews) may support skin health and reduce acne.
Avoiding excessive dairy, particularly skim milk, may help some individuals manage acne.
Hydrating with plenty of water to help maintain skin moisture balance.

Sample Recipe:

Zinc-Rich Quinoa and Veggie Salad

Ingredients: 1 cup cooked quinoa, spinach, chickpeas, pumpkin seeds, cherry tomatoes, olive oil, lemon juice.
Directions: Toss quinoa, spinach, chickpeas, and pumpkin seeds. Drizzle with olive oil and lemon juice.

What are the traditional treatments?

Topical treatments: Benzoyl peroxide, salicylic acid, retinoids
Oral medications: Antibiotics (tetracycline, doxycycline), oral contraceptives for women
Isotretinoin (for severe acne)
Light or laser therapy to target oil glands
Chemical peels and other dermatological procedures

What are the natural and alternative treatments?

Tea Tree Oil: Known for its antibacterial properties, studies show it may be as effective as benzoyl peroxide for mild to moderate acne.
Aloe Vera: Offers anti-inflammatory and soothing properties.
Zinc supplements: Research suggests zinc can reduce the severity of acne.
Green Tea: Antioxidant-rich green tea may help reduce acne-related inflammation and sebum production.