Addison's Disease

What is it?

Addison's disease is a disorder where the adrenal glands do not produce enough of the hormones cortisol and aldosterone. This can result in symptoms like fatigue, weight loss, and low blood pressure.

What are the symptoms?

Chronic fatigue
Weight loss and decreased appetite
Low blood pressure, dizziness upon standing
Darkening of the skin (hyperpigmentation)
Salt cravings
Abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting
Muscle weakness

What else could it be? (Differential diagnosis)

Hypothyroidism
Chronic fatigue syndrome
Depression
Hemochromatosis
Pituitary disorders

What are the aggravating factors?

Stress (infection, injury, surgery, etc.)
Sudden withdrawal from corticosteroid medication
Autoimmune conditions (the most common cause of Addison's)
Infections, particularly tuberculosis, that affect the adrenal glands

What types of food are helpful?

A balanced diet with adequate salt intake to compensate for the aldosterone deficiency.
Foods high in vitamin C to help support adrenal health (e.g., citrus fruits, strawberries).
Protein-rich foods to maintain energy levels (lean meats, beans, tofu).
Stay hydrated, especially in hot climates, as dehydration can worsen symptoms.

Sample Recipe: Salmon with Roasted Sweet Potatoes and Spinach

Ingredients: 4 oz salmon, 1 cup roasted sweet potatoes, 1 cup spinach, olive oil, garlic.
Directions: Roast sweet potatoes, sauté spinach with garlic in olive oil, and serve with grilled salmon.

What are the traditional treatments?

Hormone replacement therapy: Corticosteroids (hydrocortisone or prednisone) to replace the cortisol, and fludrocortisone to replace aldosterone.
Lifelong management with daily medications.
Salt tablets may be prescribed to help with electrolyte balance in some cases.

What are the natural and alternative treatments?

Ashwagandha: This adaptogenic herb is thought to support the adrenal glands, though scientific evidence for Addison's specifically is limited.
Licorice Root: It can help enhance the effect of corticosteroids, but should be used cautiously, as it can raise blood pressure.
Vitamin C and B5: Known for supporting adrenal health and combating stress.