Alzheimer's Disease

What is it?

Alzheimer's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that affects memory, thinking, and behavior. It is the most common cause of dementia, leading to a decline in cognitive abilities and interfering with daily functioning.

What are the symptoms?

Memory loss (especially short-term memory)
Difficulty completing familiar tasks (e.g., cooking, using a phone)
Confusion with time or place
Trouble understanding visual images and spatial relationships
Difficulty with speaking or writing
Misplacing items or forgetting words
Mood and personality changes (e.g., increased anxiety, depression, or irritability)

What else could it be? (Differential diagnosis)

Vascular dementia
Parkinson's disease dementia
Frontotemporal dementia
Depression
Normal age-related memory loss

What are the aggravating factors?

Aging (most common in individuals over 65)
Family history (genetic predisposition)
Head injuries or traumatic brain injuries
Cardiovascular disease or stroke
Diabetes, hypertension, and high cholesterol
Lack of physical activity and poor diet

What types of food are helpful?

Mediterranean diet: Rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, legumes, fish, and healthy fats like olive oil to support brain health.
Antioxidant-rich foods: Berries, dark leafy greens, and nuts may help combat oxidative stress and inflammation in the brain.
Omega-3 fatty acids: Found in fatty fish like salmon and flaxseeds, these healthy fats are linked to better cognitive function.
Limit saturated fats and sugars: These can contribute to cognitive decline and overall brain aging.

Sample Recipe: Mediterranean Grilled Salmon

Ingredients: 4 oz salmon, olive oil, lemon, garlic, oregano.
Directions: Marinate the salmon in olive oil, garlic, lemon, and oregano. Grill until cooked through and serve with a side of roasted vegetables.

What are the traditional treatments?

Cholinesterase inhibitors: Medications like donepezil, rivastigmine, and galantamine help increase levels of acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter involved in memory and learning.
Glutamate regulators: Memantine is used to regulate the activity of glutamate, which may play a role in Alzheimer's progression.
Cognitive therapy: Structured programs that help maintain cognitive function.
Lifestyle interventions: Encouraging regular physical activity, mental stimulation, and social engagement.

What are the natural and alternative treatments?

Curcumin: The active compound in turmeric, curcumin has anti-inflammatory properties that may help protect the brain from damage.
Ginkgo Biloba: Some studies suggest ginkgo may help improve cognitive function and memory in individuals with Alzheimer's.
Coconut oil: Rich in medium-chain triglycerides (MCTs), some believe coconut oil may improve brain function, though more research is needed.
Caffeine: Some research indicates caffeine may have neuroprotective effects and may help with cognitive function in Alzheimer's patients.
Resveratrol: Found in red wine and grapes, resveratrol has been linked to improved cognitive health in preliminary studies.