Avascular Necrosis (Osteonecrosis)

What is it?

Avascular necrosis (AVN), or osteonecrosis, occurs when blood flow to a bone is disrupted, leading to bone death. It most commonly affects the hip joint but can also impact other joints, resulting in pain and joint dysfunction.

What are the symptoms?

Pain in the affected joint, which worsens with weight-bearing activities
Stiffness in the joint
Decreased range of motion
Limping or difficulty walking

What else could it be? (Differential diagnosis)

Osteoarthritis
Rheumatoid arthritis
Bone fractures
Infections or septic arthritis

What are the aggravating factors?

Trauma or injury to the joint
Excessive alcohol use
Long-term steroid use
Certain medical conditions like lupus or sickle cell disease
Smoking

What types of food are helpful?

Calcium and vitamin D: Important for bone health (e.g., dairy, leafy greens, fortified foods).
Anti-inflammatory foods: Omega-3 fatty acids from fatty fish and antioxidants from fruits and vegetables.
Magnesium-rich foods: Such as nuts, seeds, and leafy greens to support bone health.

Sample Recipe: Salmon with Roasted Vegetables

Ingredients: Salmon, sweet potatoes, carrots, olive oil, herbs.
Directions: Roast vegetables and bake salmon with herbs for a nutrient-packed meal.

What are the traditional treatments?

Pain management: Using medications such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAIDs) or corticosteroids.
Surgery: Including joint replacement or core decompression to relieve pressure in the bone.
Physical therapy: To strengthen muscles around the affected joint and improve mobility.

What are the natural and alternative treatments?

Turmeric: Known for its anti-inflammatory properties, it may help reduce joint pain and inflammation.
Omega-3 fatty acids: Found in fish oil, they may help reduce inflammation in the joints.
Hyaluronic acid injections: Some studies have explored its use to improve joint function and relieve pain in osteonecrosis patients.