Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH)

What is it?

CAH is a genetic disorder affecting the adrenal glands, which are responsible for producing hormones like cortisol, aldosterone, and androgens. People with CAH lack an enzyme that helps in hormone production, leading to imbalances.

What are the symptoms?

Excessive hair growth (hirsutism)
Ambiguous genitalia (in females, due to elevated androgens)
Early puberty
Salt-wasting (leading to dehydration)
Low blood sugar (hypoglycemia)
Vomiting and dehydration in infants
Irregular periods in females

What else could it be? (Differential diagnosis)

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)
Addison’s disease
Turner syndrome
Hyperthyroidism

What are the aggravating factors?

Inadequate treatment with glucocorticoid therapy
Stress, illness, or injury (increases hormone demands)
Genetic mutations

What types of food are helpful?

Balanced diet: Regular meals to prevent hypoglycemia.
High-salt diet: For salt-wasting forms, as it helps to maintain proper fluid and electrolyte balance.
Adequate hydration: To prevent dehydration in infants and children.

Sample Recipe: Chicken with Sweet Potato and Green Beans

Ingredients: Chicken breast, sweet potatoes, green beans, olive oil.
Directions: Grill the chicken, roast sweet potatoes, and steam the green beans for a balanced meal high in nutrients.

What are the traditional treatments?

Glucocorticoids: To replace the deficient cortisol and manage symptoms.
Mineralocorticoids: For salt-wasting forms of CAH.
Surgical intervention: In some cases, surgery to correct genital ambiguities in females.
Hormone therapy: To regulate menstrual cycles and sexual development.

What are the natural and alternative treatments?

Adaptogenic herbs: Adaptogens like ashwagandha and Rhodiola may help balance stress hormones and support adrenal function.
Vitamin C: Supports adrenal gland function.
Acupuncture: May help with stress reduction and hormone balance.