Dementia with Lewy Bodies

What is it?

Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) is a type of progressive dementia characterized by abnormal deposits of alpha-synuclein protein in the brain, known as Lewy bodies. It leads to cognitive decline, visual hallucinations, and movement disorders similar to Parkinson's disease.

What are the symptoms?

Memory loss and cognitive impairment
Visual hallucinations (seeing things that aren't there)
Parkinsonism (muscle rigidity, tremors, and difficulty with movement)
Sleep disturbances (including REM sleep behavior disorder)
Fluctuating alertness and attention
Hallucinations, especially during delirium or when the patient is in a confused state

What else could it be? (Differential diagnosis)

Alzheimer’s disease
Parkinson’s disease dementia
Depression
Stroke-related dementia
Delirium

What are the aggravating factors?

Stress
Infections, including urinary tract infections
Changes in routine or environment
Sleep deprivation
Neuroleptic medications (antipsychotic drugs)

What types of food are helpful?

High-fiber foods: To help prevent constipation, a common issue in people with dementia.
Omega-3 fatty acids: Found in fish like salmon, flaxseeds, and walnuts, these help brain function.
Antioxidants: Foods rich in antioxidants, such as berries and green leafy vegetables, to help combat oxidative stress in the brain.

Sample Recipe: Salmon with Roasted Vegetables

Ingredients: Salmon, broccoli, carrots, olive oil, garlic, lemon.
Directions: Roast the vegetables with garlic and olive oil, then bake the salmon on top with a squeeze of lemon for a heart-healthy, brain-boosting meal.

What are the traditional treatments?

Medications for cognitive symptoms: Cholinesterase inhibitors (e.g., donepezil) may help with memory and cognitive function.
Parkinsonism treatments: Levodopa for motor symptoms, although care must be taken as some medications can worsen hallucinations.
Antipsychotic medications: For managing hallucinations, though they should be used cautiously due to side effects.
Physical and occupational therapy: To improve mobility and quality of life.

What are the natural and alternative treatments?

Ginkgo biloba: Some studies suggest it may improve cognitive function in those with DLB.
Curcumin: Found in turmeric, it has anti-inflammatory properties and may support brain health.
Coconut oil: Some research indicates medium-chain triglycerides (MCTs) may provide an alternative energy source for the brain.