African Viral Hemorrhagic Fever (AVHF)

What is it?

African viral hemorrhagic fever is caused by a group of viruses that lead to bleeding, fever, and multi-organ failure. The most notable viruses are Ebola, Marburg, and Lassa virus. These are usually transmitted via contact with bodily fluids or through the bite of infected animals.

What are the symptoms?

Fever
Fatigue
Muscle aches
Headache
Vomiting and diarrhea
Bleeding (nosebleeds, gums, or from under the skin)
Shock
Organ failure (liver, kidney, heart)
Rash

What else could it be? (Differential diagnosis)

Malaria: Fever and fatigue overlap.
Dengue fever: Symptoms similar to fever, rash, and muscle aches.
Typhoid fever: Fever and fatigue may be seen in both diseases.
Yellow fever: Fever, jaundice, and bleeding can appear similar to AVHF.

What are the aggravating factors?

Direct contact with bodily fluids of infected individuals or animals.
Living in or traveling to areas with outbreaks, primarily parts of Sub-Saharan Africa.
Poor healthcare infrastructure: Delays in diagnosis and treatment can worsen symptoms.

What types of food are helpful?

Electrolyte solutions: To maintain fluid balance and prevent dehydration.
High-protein diet: To help rebuild lost tissue and improve recovery.
Easily digestible foods: Foods like soups, rice, and boiled potatoes can be beneficial during recovery.

Sample Recipe: Chicken Broth Soup

1 chicken breast, diced
1 carrot, chopped
2 cups chicken stock
Salt and pepper to taste
Boil until chicken is cooked and tender.

What are the traditional treatments?

Supportive care: This is crucial as no specific antiviral treatment is effective for all hemorrhagic fever viruses.
Hydration: To prevent dehydration due to vomiting and diarrhea.
Blood transfusions: To replace lost blood and manage bleeding.

What are the natural and alternative treatments?

Vitamin C: Some studies suggest that high-dose vitamin C can support immune function.
Garlic: Known for its antimicrobial properties.
Bitter melon: Has been explored for anti-viral activity in various studies, including in animal trials.

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