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End-Stage Kidney Disease

What is it?

End-stage kidney disease (ESKD) is the final stage of chronic kidney disease, where the kidneys no longer function adequately to maintain normal bodily functions, leading to the need for dialysis or a kidney transplant.

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What are the symptoms?

  • Severe fatigue

  • Swelling in the legs, ankles, or feet

  • Nausea and vomiting

  • Loss of appetite

  • Difficulty concentrating or confusion

  • Shortness of breath

What else could it be? (Differential diagnosis)

  • Acute kidney injury

  • Heart failure

  • Liver cirrhosis

  • Chronic dehydration

What are the aggravating factors?

  • Diabetes

  • High blood pressure

  • Family history of kidney disease

  • Smoking or substance use

  • Chronic use of nephrotoxic drugs (e.g., NSAIDs)

What types of food are helpful?

  • Low-protein diet: To reduce kidney workload.

  • Reduced sodium intake: To avoid fluid retention.

  • Potassium and phosphorus management: Avoid high-potassium foods like bananas and      oranges, and limit phosphorus-rich foods like dairy.

Sample Recipe: Low-Sodium Vegetable Soup

  • Ingredients: Carrots, celery, spinach, garlic, onions, olive oil.

  • Directions: A heart-healthy, kidney-friendly soup that’s easy on the kidneys.

What are the traditional treatments?

  • Dialysis: Hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis to filter waste and excess fluids.

  • Kidney transplant: The most effective long-term treatment.

  • Medications: To manage symptoms like high blood pressure and fluid retention.

What are the natural and alternative treatments?

  • Herbal teas: Dandelion root and nettle tea are believed to support kidney health.

  • Acupressure: Some studies suggest it may help improve kidney function and alleviate pain.

  • Omega-3 fatty acids: Found in fish and flaxseeds, they may help reduce inflammation.

Medical Disclaimer: The information provided on this website is for informational purposes only and is not intended as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition. Reliance on any information provided on this website is solely at your own risk.

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