Pernicious Anemia

What is it?

Pernicious anemia is a type of anemia caused by a deficiency of vitamin B12. It occurs when the body can't absorb enough B12 from food due to a lack of intrinsic factor, a protein needed for absorption.

What are the symptoms?

Fatigue
Pale skin
Shortness of breath
Tingling or numbness in the hands and feet
Weakness

What else could it be? (Differential diagnosis)

Iron deficiency anemia
Folate deficiency anemia
Vitamin B6 deficiency
Hypothyroidism

What are the aggravating factors?

Autoimmune disorders: Pernicious anemia is often autoimmune in nature.
Older age: The ability to absorb B12 decreases with age.
Gastric surgery: Procedures like weight-loss surgery can affect B12 absorption.

What types of food are helpful?

Foods rich in vitamin B12: Such as meat, fish, eggs, dairy, and fortified cereals.
Folic acid: Essential for red blood cell production, found in leafy greens and citrus fruits.

Sample Recipe: Egg and Spinach Breakfast Bowl

Ingredients: Eggs, spinach, avocado, olive oil.
Directions: Scramble eggs and mix with sautéed spinach for a vitamin B12-packed breakfast.

What are the traditional treatments?

Vitamin B12 injections: To bypass absorption issues.
Oral vitamin B12 supplements: For mild cases or maintenance.
Dietary adjustments: B12-rich foods or fortified foods.

What are the natural and alternative treatments?

Herbal supplements: Such as ginger and turmeric, which may help support digestion and absorption.
Probiotics: May support gut health and nutrient absorption.

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