Tardive Dyskinesia (TD)

What is it?

Tardive dyskinesia is a movement disorder caused by long-term use of antipsychotic medications. It is characterized by involuntary movements, often in the face, mouth, and tongue.

What are the symptoms?

Involuntary facial movements: Like grimacing or lip-smacking.
Jerky body movements: Particularly in the arms and legs.
Tongue movements: Like sticking out or writhing.

What else could it be? (Differential diagnosis)

Parkinson's disease: A neurodegenerative disorder that also causes involuntary movements.
Chorea: A movement disorder with jerky, involuntary movements, similar to TD.

What are the aggravating factors?

Long-term use of antipsychotics: Particularly first-generation drugs like haloperidol.
Age: Older adults are more susceptible to TD.
Dopamine imbalances in the brain.

What types of food are helpful?

Antioxidant-rich foods: Such as berries, leafy greens, and nuts.
Magnesium: Helps with muscle function and nerve health, found in leafy greens, nuts, and seeds.

What are the traditional treatments?

Discontinuation or reduction of antipsychotic medications: Often the first step in treatment.
Medications: Such as valbenazine or deutetrabenazine to reduce symptoms.
Physical therapy: To manage movement issues.

What are the natural and alternative treatments?

Vitamin E: Has been suggested in some studies to help with neuroprotective effects.
Melatonin: Known for its calming and sleep-promoting properties.
Magnesium supplements: May help reduce muscle spasms associated with TD.

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